N2 - This paper introduces the concept of “virtual bad guys”: intelligent virtual agents that take a negative or even aggressive stance towards the user. T1 - Virtually Bad: A Study on Virtual Agents that Physically Threaten Human Beings Implications of these findings and suggestions for follow-up studies on “virtual bad guys” are discussed.", non-consequential agent on stress, as they did not significantly differ between conditions. Effects on participants stress response, both states did not mediate or explain the effect of a consequential vs. A consequential agent was developed by equipping users with a (non-functioning) device, through which they were made to believe the agent could mildly shock them. To address this issue, this study experimentally investigated the effect of “consequential” agents that are able to physically threaten their human interlocutors. Although they pave the way to various interesting applications, it is hard to create virtual bad guys that are taken seriously by the user, since they are typically unable to apply serious sanctions. Implications of these findings and suggestions for follow-up studies on “virtual bad guys” are discussed.Ībstract = "This paper introduces the concept of “virtual bad guys”: intelligent virtual agents that take a negative or even aggressive stance towards the user. Furthermore, while presence and believability were substantially associated with users’ stress response, both states did not mediate or explain the effect of a consequential vs.
The consequential agent triggered a stronger physiological stress response than the non-consequential agent, whereas self-reported levels of anxiety and stress did not significantly differ. Effects on participants’ levels of anxiety and (physiological and self-reported) stress were measured, and the role of presence and perceived believability of the virtual agent was assessed. This paper introduces the concept of “virtual bad guys”: intelligent virtual agents that take a negative or even aggressive stance towards the user.
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